Chronic fatigue is a complex medical condition characterized by extreme and persistent tiredness that is not relieved by rest or sleep. The key defining symptom is debilitating fatigue lasting for 6 months or longer that interferes with normal daily activities.
In addition to fatigue, people with CFS may experience cognitive dysfunction, headaches, muscle and joint pain, sore throat, tender lymph nodes, and other flu-like symptoms. Sleep is often unrefreshing.
The exact mechanisms behind CFS are unknown. Infections, immune system abnormalities, hormones, trauma or emotional stress may trigger abnormal responses. Current theories relate to the brain, nervous and immune systems.
While there is presently no cure, symptom management can help. Lifestyle changes, medications, CBT and GET (graded exercise therapy) are often used to aid improvement. Treatment is tailored to the individual. Pacing activities is key.
In summary, chronic fatigue syndrome is a poorly understood chronic condition hallmarked by persistent fatigue not relieved by rest. Diagnosis is challenging and there are no standard tests. Management focuses on relieving symptoms through lifestyle adaptation, therapy and medication. Though recovery is rare, improvement is possible. Ongoing research seeks to better understand CFS and identify more effective treatments.