Decreased bone density - Harmony Health

What is decreased bone density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a medical condition characterized by porous and brittle bones that are more susceptible to fractures. This happens when old bone is removed faster than new bone can be formed to replace it.

Some key facts about decreased bone density:

• It usually develops gradually over years without any symptoms. Many people don't know they have it until a minor fall or sudden impact causes a broken bone.
• It is very common, especially in older adults and postmenopausal women due to hormonal changes. However, secondary causes like medications, diseases, or lifestyle factors can also lead to bone loss at any age.
• Fractures are the main complication. The most common sites are the wrist, spine, and hip. These often require surgery and can also lead to long-term disability if not treated promptly.

To measure bone density, doctors use a painless scan called a DXA or DEXA scan. This allows them to diagnose and monitor the condition by comparing the patient's results to optimal peak bone density.

While decreased bone density cannot be cured once present, the progression can be slowed down with proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments like:

• Getting enough calcium, vitamin D, and protein in one's diet
• Performing weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises regularly
• Taking prescribed medications like bisphosphonates or hormone therapy
• Avoiding smoking, excessive alcohol, and medications that harm bone health

By taking these preventive and protective measures, one can maintain stronger bones and reduce fracture risk associated with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Consulting a doctor to get screened, seeking treatment if diagnosed, and sticking to a bone-healthy lifestyle can help manage this "silent disease" for years.