What is Loss of Muscle?
Muscle loss, also known as muscle atrophy, occurs when muscle cells shrink or degrade as a result of disuse, poor nutrition, aging, or disease. This leads to weaker, smaller muscles and a loss of strength and endurance.
Some key points about muscle loss include:
- Causes - Lack of physical activity, illnesses, aging, and inadequate protein/calories can trigger muscle wasting. Being bedridden, immobilized in a cast, or having chronic conditions like cancer or kidney disease increases risk.
- Symptoms - Noticeable decreases in muscle size and strength, fatigue, weakness completing daily activities, and weight loss despite normal calorie intake.
- Risk factors - Age over 50, sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition, illnesses causing inflammation or protein loss.
- Diagnosis - A physician may diagnose muscle loss via physical exam, body composition tests, or blood tests checking protein/hormone levels.
- Prevention - Regular exercise, enough protein (0.5-1g per lb of bodyweight daily), balanced nutrition, proper hydration and rest, stress management, and early treatment of medical issues.
- Treatment - Depends on underlying cause but can include exercise (strength training is key), adequate protein intake, medications, possibly supplements like creatine or HMB. Seeking guidance from a physiotherapist or nutritionist may also help.
While some muscle loss is inevitable with aging, staying physically active and following a nutritious diet can slow decline. Consult a doctor if rapid muscle loss without weight changes occurs, as it may indicate an underlying condition requiring treatment. Catching it early maximizes the chances of reversing damage through focused exercise and nutrition plans.
Key terms related to mechanisms, symptoms, prevention, and treatment for muscle loss have been highlighted in bold.